Shanghai And Hong Kongs Contributions To Chinas Economic Modernization

Shanghai And Hong Kong's Contributions To China's Economic Modernization Timothy Scott ECON. 400 Teacher Roberts Midterm Essay Shanghai and Hong Kong's Contributions to China's Economic Modernization A few people anticipate Shanghai will supplant Hong Kong later on. Others contend that Hong Kong will stay as China's passage to the remainder of the world. For as long as not many months, I concentrated seriously about China and Hong Kong's history, culture, economy and legislative issues. Hong Kong and Shanghai have made huge commitments to China's economy and modernization. In any case, I accept that Shanghai is as yet deficient with regards to the best possible and sophiscated framework, for example, the lawful framework and opportunity of the press. In the years to come, Hong Kong will remain the budgetary and financial focus of Asia because of its tremendous assets, legitimate framework, history, and culture. In the previous two decades, Shanghai has made extraordinary commitments to China's monetary modernization. As indicated by Cheng Li, in the article, The Color of Money, Shanghai had one-eighth of the complete mechanical yield of the country in 1980. In the mid 1990's, Deng Xiaoping understood the capability of Shanghai, and asked the city government to build up the nearby economy and pull in outside venture. The whole city went under a remaking time, otherwise called the development fever period. Several high rises were manufactured, and huge provincial zones were changed into new present day towns. Today, retail establishments and tall structures are normal in Shanghai. The recently constructed Oriental Pearl TV Tower in Shanghai is currently Asia's most noteworthy TV tower. Shanghai experienced a physical change, however its economy blasted too since 1993. The city has pulled in more remote venture than any other time in recent memory. As of now, 121 biggest transnational enterprises work in Shanghai. Ventures incorporate metro lines, thruways, extensions and passages connecting the Huangpu River and Pudong. It is assessed that $2.35 billion has been put resources into Shanghai by remote speculation. Also, the improvement of Pudong made it China's biggest financial zone. Shanghai, point of fact, is the motor that drives China's monetary modernization. Simultaneously, Shanghai doesn't have the best possible legitimate foundation, and opportunity of the press to be the monetary focal point of Asia. During my China voyaging workshop in Shanghai, a Shanghaiese legal advisor stressed so as to be effective in China, all you need is a system of association. This is otherwise called guanxi and it assumes a pivotal job in China. The truth of the matter is, China is under an arrangement of rule by law and not rule of law. The legitimate framework doesn't give you the insurance you need from defilement and professional wrongdoings not to mention guarantee a situation of free rivalry and gainful workforce. Shanghai needs lawful security, however it likewise needs opportunity of the press. The CCP has been and will consistently be an autocracy over the media. One reason is on the grounds that China has consistently been defensive of its picture. Any disgraceful and hostile news to the administration, paying little mind to its significance, would not be permitted to distribute. The focal government likewise feels the need to control the media so as to forestall uprisings. Hence, the individuals of Shanghai and China infrequently know reality behind current news. The significance of legitimate lawful frameworks and opportunity of the press are pivotal to China's monetary turn of events. In the event that the focal government keeps on ignoring these elements, it will be adverse to the future improvement of China. From the period 1949 to 1976, Hong Kong was China's door to the entrepreneur world. Today, Hong Kong has gotten significantly increasingly critical to Chinese economy and the worldwide world. As a matter of first importance, Hong Kong has tremendous assets, for example, administrative ability, innovation, budgetary and showcasing aptitudes. These significant assets has been moved to China as Hong Kong producers move over the fringe to exploit modest land and work power in the 1980's. (Yahuda, p.24) While Shanghai has pulled in remote speculations into China, Hong Kong has represented somewhere in the range of 60 and 80 percent of the all out outside direct interest in China. In 1993, there were 50,868 venture activities of Hong Kong and Macao organizations in China with an estimation of $76.756 billion. Most of ventures are gathered in the Guandong area. Through these immediate speculations, came

Phillippe Jaques :: History

Phillippe Jaques At the point when individuals hear the name Louis Riel, some top off with outrage, others top off with a grateful feeling of satisfaction, similar to me and my granddad for instance. Louis was Metis, this was the result of a Voyageur and Indian ladies having a youngster. The Metis were renowned for their chasing and following capacities and were frequently utilized people or gatherings as aides or translators. Their cultivating convention had its underlying foundations in the Red River settlement of Manitoba. Following the huge mass migration into Sasketchewan, the Metis again settled ranches and properties. The challenges experienced by the Metis in increasing away from to their territory and the intercession of land theorists when scrip was given made most Metis lose ownership of their homesteads. York pontoons assumed a significant job in the hide exchange industry as they supplanted cargo kayaks on the principle water frameworks of Canada in the late nineteenth century. They had a bigger conveying limit and required less men to work them. This empowered hides to be shipped quicker and more financially than by kayak. It took eighteen men to run the York vessels: a helmsman to provide the requests for paddling, a man to guide and sixteen men to pull the paddles. Sails were frequently used to get positive breezes. The inland mariners who kept an eye on these vessels were predominently the Metis men who worked for the hide organizations. The Voyageurs needed to remain companions with these they wedded the Indian ladies. He was a man who stood up for the privileges of his kin, for example, my granddad. In this exposition I will reveal to you how Louis Riel added to the Confederation inside the years 1869-1885, and how it influenced my life. I was conceived on a freezing night on November 16, 1867. I experienced childhood in a poor family, we grain had enough nourishment for my four different siblings and sisters, and my grandma. We needed to take my grandma in our home in light of the fact that my granddad, at the time needed to battle with the different metis individuals to attempt to get us some sensible rights. My granddad, Phillippe Jaques, gazed upward to, and regarded Louis Reil enormously, that is the reason Phillippe experienced this excursion with Louis. The explanation that Phillippe regarded Louis so much was on the grounds that Louis Reil went to bat for everything that he belived in. In 1821 the Hudson Bay organization had made an association with the primary countries individuals.

Underwater Dreams

Underwater Dreams On Friday, October 24, the Edgerton Center at MIT organized an on-campus premiere of the documentary Underwater Dreams. The film follows the journey of four high school students from the Arizona desert, who in 2004 won an underwater robotics competition, defeating MIT’s stellar team. None of the winning team’s members were legally documented in the United States. I’d love to tell you that the film has a happy ending, in which the boys’ successes get recognized and their talents get directed towards societys good… I cannot. Sure, the members of the Underwater Robotics team were hard-working and ingenious. But they lacked one special paper. They were not allowed to advance. They did, however, inspire a generation of other undocumented engineers to strive for a greater goal. Now, children once carried stealthily across the border are taking action and coming out as “Undocumented and Unafraid.” They are determined and brilliant. Some of these Dreamers are students at MIT. Recently they petitioned to form DreaMIT, an on-campus organization that would aim to bring together the school’s undocumented students as they face unique challenges at MIT. Dreamers can continue their studies in the U.S. thanks to DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals), which is a temporary designation, subject to renewal every two years and only in effect for the duration of President Obama’s presidency. One of the students’ top goals is to win the legislative fight for the expansion and permanent implementation of DACA. To describe these students’ courage is an impossible feat. I still remember the sheer terror of waiting for a Permanent Resident status. I had discovered an abundance of opportunities in the U.S. and was dizzy with excitement. But that wondrous source of vitality could be cut off at any time, for on paper I was an “alien,” and I had an “alien number,” and my fate was at the mercy of a single USCIS officer. If I had to return to my homeland, I would lose a new life. To even imagine what the undocumented students must feel is painful. To hear them speak about their status and try to improve something, if not for themselves, but for the two million other Dreamers struggling to succeed, is beautiful. Directly after the viewing of Underwater Dreams, the MIT community got a chance to hear from the Dreamers and their supporters in a QA panel moderated by Professor Phillip Clay. One of the speakers was Junot Díaz, a professor of writing at MIT. As a child, he arrived undocumented to the United States from the Dominican Republic. Since then, he received numerous literary awards (including the prestigious Pulitzer Prize in 2008) and the MacArthur “Genius” Grant. Professor Díaz was also listed among New York Times’ top 20 writers of the 21st century. He is now a U.S. citizen, but maintains ties to the past by serving his community both here and in his birthplace. There were also two MIT students (one a sophomore majoring in Aerospace Engineering and another a Master’s student from the Department of Urban Studies and Planning), and a young woman who had studied at the University of Massachusetts briefly before new legislature made it impossible for her to cover the increased cost of education. All three were fighting for a chance to remain in this country without fear. Mary Mazzio, the writer and director of Underwater Dreams, came to support the immigrants as well. “What gives you courage?” questioned a member of the audience. “My parents. They came to this country to give me a greater opportunity. Their courage is very significant. After that, how can I give up? How can I stop just because someone is telling me? There is no option to stop,” the sophomore panelist described his source of strength. “I do this for my sister because I dont want her to go through the same depression and struggles,” responded another Dreamer. “You learn about the power of people in college,” she continued, “Youth are a critical component to change.” “My greatest fear had already come true,” added the young woman whose family was recently deported, “The courage to come out was the breaking point of anger.” Amidst the struggles and fears, the Dreamers highlighted positive change. They have made strides in the immigrant movement, and now hope for increased community civic engagement. The Dreamers’ support system grows strong. Bonus: Here is the recording of the panel from the MIT Underwater Dreams premiere (it’s almost like you were there!).

Distinctions and Comparisons between Aristotle and Plato...

The ideas introduced by Plato on the theory of forms, where deducted and critiqued by Aristotle. Both philosophers can be viewed as having opposing ideologies. Nonetheless, Plato and Aristotle are in agreement on certain factors of their philosophy. Many have scrutinized and compared the dissimilarities and similarities of Aristotles doctrine of categories and Platos theory of forms. The observations found are of an interesting nature. The beauty behind the writings of Plato is to not accept what is interpreted through the senses. In Platos theory of forms, Plato explained the immaterial world as the realm containing the perfect form of objects and ideas that are presented on Earth. For instance, the idea of justice is inadequate†¦show more content†¦Aristotle considered every characteristic examined in a particular object as a distinction that defined that specific entity. Aristotle believed that the substance of a particular living thing (such as a bird) indicates a true independent existence. The other qualities of a living thing such as height and color are imitative traits of being in that they are present only to an individual substance. As Aristotle studied an object he would use the word â€Å"this† to de scribe that he was observing a particular object. When examining an animal like a horse, he would bear in mind that the horse was independent of other horses due to certain physical characteristics that separated that individual horse from other horses. The natural scientist and philosopher, Aristotle opposed Plato’s perspective of not considering characteristics that an object contained which created an individual identity of that specific object. Plato’s concept of an alternate universe, containing perfect forms of objects was in Aristotle’s view a foolish assumption. Aristotle believed that there was a point in time where an object in the physical world reached its state of perfection. The Aristotelian view described an organism as having a telos or a purpose it is meant to attain. Aristotle claimed that an organism travels from imperfection to perfection. For example, the imperfect form of a human being is a child and the perfect form of a human being is an Show MoreRelatedPlato s Interpretation Of Utopia1630 Words   |  7 PagesPlato and Aristotle shared many differences despite also sharing a teacher student relationship. This essay will strive to establish their understandings of reason and the role reason plays in their comprehensions of politics, differentiating between the kinds of reason and politics produced as a result. Plato is regarded as the first writer of political philosophy while Aristotle is recognised as the first political scientist. Plato’s interpretation of Utopia is founded upon the existence of threeRead MoreSimilarities Of Plato And Aristotle1617 Words   |  7 PagesPlato and Aristotle made and still have make a huge impact upon mankind, which makes people question their original values.Although Aristotle and Plato had many distinctions both of them impact many different arguments referring to the important components of life.. The two philosophers were crucial to the development of rethoric and made a big impact on society.. Although most of the attitudes towards them where indisputable, many citizens did not agree with them changing people’s perceptions, fearingRead MoreComparison Between Aristotle and Plato on Mimesis4881 Words   |  20 PagesiA comparison between Aristotle and Plato on mimesis 1. Introduction Mimesis, as a controversial concept starting from the 15th century, is among the oldest terms in literature and artistic theory, and is certainly among the most fundamental. Developing centuries, the concept of mimesis has been explored and reinterpreted by scholars in various academic fields. The word â€Å"Mimesis† developed from the root mimos, noun designating both a person who imitates and a specific genre of performance basedRead MoreIt Is Practically Difficult To Have An All Inclusive Meaning1765 Words   |  8 Pagesimperative and essential to the person. Plato and Aristotle had differentiating conclusions on both what morals is, the means by which it is helpful and who can acquire it. I have concentrated on equity while considering the obtaining of morals as I surmise that the two thinkers treat equity in progressively unique ways and that its connection to morals as a subject permits a less demanding meaning of morals itself and the securing of it. Plato established his Academy in Athens in 387Read More Ethical and Philosophical Questions about Value and Obligation977 Words   |  4 PagesEthical and Philosophical Questions about Value and Obligation I Recall the distinction between metaethics and normative ethics. Normative ethics deals with substantial ethical issues, such as, What is intrinsically good? What are our moral obligations? Metaethics deals with philosophical issues about ethics: What is value or moral obligation? Are there ethical facts? What sort of objectivity is possible in ethics? How can we have ethical knowledge? Recall, also, the fundamentalRead MoreAristotle s Views On Rhetoric Essay1705 Words   |  7 Pagescreativity to be shown. The protege of Plato, Greek philosopher, scientist and questionably one of the most influential thinkers in the history of Western thought, Aristotle, produced the books Rhetoric I, II, and III, where he plays with the concept and necessity of metaphors. Continuously Aristotle refutes himself, but throughout the rigorous interpretation and analyzation one may see he leans towards the use of metaphors and the beneficial properties it bestows. Aristotle describes a metaphor within bookRead MoreComparing Aristotle And John Stuart Mill1130 Words   |  5 PagesKearney PHIL 231: Ethics 28 April 2015 Essay 2 Comparisons on Pleasure in Morality The role of pleasure in morality has been examined thoroughly throughout the beginning of philosophy and continues to be a questionable issue. With these in-depth examinations, some similar outlooks as well as differing views have been recorded. Many philosophers have dissected this important topic, however I intend to concentrate of the famous works of Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and John Stuart Mill. After meticulouslyRead MoreCompare and Contrast Plato and Aristotle on Well-Being6148 Words   |  25 PagesCompare and contrast Plato and Aristotle on well-being. Well-Being: The state of being healthy happy or prosperous. It seems obvious to suggest that the goal we all are aiming at is total happiness; total success and fulfillment. In the Nichomachean ethics, Aristotles main aim is to provide a description of what this so-called happiness actually is, and how we can go about our day to day lives in order to achieve the best life that we possibly can. He begins book one with what philosophersRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Aristotle s Philosophy Of Western Thought Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagescreativity to be shown. The protege of Plato, Greek philosopher, scientist and debatably one of the most influential thinkers in the history of Western thought, Aristotle, produced the books Rhetoric I, II, and III, where he plays with the concept and necessity of metaphors. Continuously Aristotle refutes himself, but throughout the rigorous interpretation and analyzation one may see he leans towards the usage of metaphors and the beneficial properties it bestows. Aristotle describes a metaphor within bookR ead MoreComparing Plato and Aristotles Acquisition of Ethical Understanding3048 Words   |  13 PagesComparing Plato and Aristotles Acquisition of Ethical Understanding It is almost impossible to have a universal definition of what ethics is, the only way to really observe it is in practise; how does ethics shape our lives and how is it acquired? Ethics applies to both us and the people around us and so is both politically important and important to the individual. Plato and Aristotle had contrasting opinions on both what ethics is, how it is useful and who can obtain

The Current Generation Of Native Americans - 1238 Words

The current generation of Native Americans does not deserve reparations for what happened to their ancestor because it is unreasonable to say that the current generations of Native Americans are disadvantaged due to the large revenues they generate from gambling. In the United States today, Native American gaming comprises casinos, bingo halls, and other gambling operations on India reservations or other tribal land. These areas are all have tribal sovereignty, which means that states have limited ability to forbid gaming there because of the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988. Due to the negative affects from large revenues of gambling, Native Americans should not receive reparations for their land. Currently, almost half of American’s†¦show more content†¦Per capita payments are the cash that the tribe distributes each year from its casino profits, which have grown as gaming revenues have risen and can range from as little as a few hundred dollars a year to more t han $100,000. These payments have been shown to have negative affects and could be done in a more positive and effective way. In the study done by the American Indian Law Journal, of the 17 tribes studies that handed casino profits directly to its members, 10 saw their poverty rates rise, and of the 7 tribes that did note, only two saw such an increase. One tribe in northern Washington has eliminated poverty completely, and that tribe does not issue any per capita payments and has used its casino profits to diversify into other businesses. With growing tribal gaming revenues, poverty can become worse through the way casino profits are sometimes distributed through its per capita payments. These payments can be seen as a form of reparations, but they show the negative affects they have on the Native Americans by allowing some of them to be comfortable with living in poverty because of they payments they know they are going to receive from the casinos due to their large profits and th e way casinos distribute them. There are many reasons to link financial problems and crime to the large revenues of gambling. Financial losses are one of the extreme threats and costs to the gambler. This is becauseShow MoreRelatedThe Destruction Of A Culture1277 Words   |  6 PagesTherefore, American culture is a diverse mix of customs and traditions from almost every region of the world. However, any culture with the value of the traditions and beliefs can be greatly weakened when introduced to a new and overpowering culture. It happens quite frequently to families that move to a new city or country with different lifestyles. As a result, the children of these families grow up to not care as much about their original culture s traditions as the older generations do. As weRead MoreThe Death Of The Native American Population1470 Words   |  6 PagesSuicide in the Native American Population of the Northeastern United States While the Native American population encounters many health disparities; of growing concern, is the rates of suicide among these communities. The U.S. National Library of Medicine defines health disparities as â€Å"the variation in rates of disease occurrence and disabilities between socioeconomic and /or geographically defined population groups†. When looking at the Native American population of the northeastern United StatesRead MoreThe Current Condition of Native Americans Essay812 Words   |  4 PagesThe Current Condition of Native Americans When you think of Native Americans, do you just think of what happened to them in the past, or do you think of how they live today and how they are viewed by the people around them? You probably do not think of how the Native Americans are viewed today. There are many Indian organizations out there that help the Native Americans improve their lifestyle and how they live. There has been an expansion in the Indian population since they have beenRead MoreChristianity in Monkey Beach by Eden Robinson1083 Words   |  5 Pagesspirituality takes place in many novels that we have read this semester. Natives has used spiritual guidance as a means of connecting with their past and honoring their ancestors. To Natives, spirits have always played an important role in their culture and everyday lives. When Natives were forced to convert to Christianity and over time have their beliefs sucked out of them, the spiritual connection was broken as generations passed. One novel that particularly s poke to me on this subject was MonkeyRead MoreNative American Folklore As Mythology Essay1066 Words   |  5 Pagesand all over the world, mythology has been developed as a way of explaining the unknown and coping with one’s existence. Why does the sun shine? Well, seemingly, to generations past, something is controlling the universe, so there must be a god in charge of the sun and many other natural phenomenon. During the creation of Native American myths, â€Å"there was much in the way of free-range food, but hunting wasnt as easy as getting up in the morning, taking a stroll and shooting a few passing bison withRead MoreThe Dawes Act Of 18871412 Words   |  6 Pagesof the American lifestyle—a lifestyle that failed to coincide with the traditions and culture they possessed years prior to the influx of Americans into western territory. As desire for this territory increased due to economic ventures, and the ultimate desire to expand due to Manifest Destiny, measu res needed to be taken to ensure the land was to be in full possession of the government. Thus, the Dawes Act was enacted in 1887, which allotted new lands to Indians in exchange for American citizenshipRead MoreAnalysis Of La Rose By Louise Erdrich1706 Words   |  7 PagesWorld† and eventually the United States of America, the native people were treated cruelly through many different wars, acts of racism, and displacement of indigenous nations. Despite the brutal history the indigenous people of North America have gone through, in some cases, traditions, languages, and beliefs from previous generations have been kept and remembered. Throughout her novel, La Rose, Louise Erdrich represents authentic Native American history by creating numerous situations in which theRead MoreThe Use Of American Indian Languages On The Decline1542 Words   |  7 PagesUse of American Indian languages is on the decline in the US, and will continue to do so unless a greater pressure is put on language preservation. As an outsider, it is hard for me to watch so many cultures and languages die out, and even harder for those who love their cultures and heritage slowly having lesser importance within their Westernizing lives. While there are many aspects affecting cultural survival from outside the tribes themselves, there is also an internal struggle that outsidersRead MoreCultural Readjustment In The Native American Culture1132 Words   |  5 Pagescontributions made by the Native Americans culture to the present day American culture especially in the major areas of art, governance, language, and food eating habits. On settling in North America for the first time, the Europeans encountered a different and completely unfamiliar culture of the Native tribes who occupied the Northern America. The Native Americans had a well-developed culture which raised a lot of curiosity among the Europeans, which was the same case among the Natives who were astonishedRead MoreVolunteering Events At Csueb. For The Volunteering Assignment,1463 Words   |  6 Pagescollege counselors are then able to share the information learned at this event with their students. This event is filled with information about CSUEB, and community college counselors are able to hear the current information about CSUEB admissions and enrollment. Hearing the current information about CSUEB is valuable to community college counselors work. According to the Northern California Community College Counselor Appreciation Breakfast flier, during this event, community college counselors

Opinion Essay Free Essays

Opinion Essay Nowadays there are plenty of motivation theories which give a great opportunity for employers to use the human capital more effectively. However, it is very important to understand that a theory that works in one country not necessarily will work in another one. To prove it, I would like to show an example by comparing the motivation degree of middle managers from Sweden and Russia as a result of using the same motivation tools. We will write a custom essay sample on Opinion Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now As an example I would like to use Maslow’s Need Theory and my hypothesis is: Salary level is a more important motivating factor for Russian middle managers than for Swedish managers. First of all, I should mention the fact that living conditions in Russia and Sweden differ greatly. Using need theory language, Russians are likely to be at a lower level of the need hierarchy than Swedes. So, the first ones should be more interested in increasing their salary level. Secondly, even though the middle managers my example is based on have above-average salaries, they often have to share their salaries with less well-to-do relatives, especially retired parents and grandparents who receive very small pensions on which one cannot live on. As we all know, in Sweden the situation differs greatly from what I have just described. Thus, Russians should be willing to accept the fact that they will have to work harder to obtain a higher salary whereas Swedes might prefer to have an easier time at a well-paid work and a guaranteed salary. It does not mean that Swedes do not have relatives, it is just mean that living conditions in Russia and Sweden differ tremendously. Last but not least, rich and poor Russians alike struggle to fulfill basic needs such as affording a nutritious diet, appropriate heath care, and a decent standard of living. However, in a welfare state like Sweden these things are taken for granted. Taking everything into account, I should say that since salary is the main vehicle to achieve these basic needs for Russian middle managers, Russians are more interested in having a high salary than Swedes, providing support for my hypothesis. Personally I think, that it is extremely important that firms understand how to motivate their employees to work to their full potential. Furthermore, employers should know that people from different national cultures are likely to be motivated by different factors. How to cite Opinion Essay, Essay examples Opinion Essay Free Essays With a proper cable obstruction, one’s television can display 75+ channels of moving pictures. At some point in our lives, we have watched television. There are numerous reasons why television appeals to many people. We will write a custom essay sample on Opinion Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now In an effort to appeal to large numbers of people, many television shows look to outdo one another for ratings. Unfortunately, a quest for ratings sometimes leads to a lack Of valuable and educational material. While it is easy to chastise television for some of its raunchier shows, we might agree that television can offer some valuable, quality television programs. For this essay assignment, consider the following: In your opinion, is television good or bad for American society? In either case, what evidence can you provide to strengthen your point? For this essay, you will want to do the following: Choose 1 or 2 shows that can help strengthen your argument (focusing on too many shows will cause you to lose track of your main point) Incorporate outside sources that agree and help strengthen your position in the essay (a minimum of 2 sources are required aside from your television show as an example) Remember that it is not enough to say, â€Å"Television is bad† or â€Å"Television is a good thing. You must explain how and why. PAP Format: Engel is 3 pages Font: Times New Roman Spacing: double-spaced Remember, a strong essay will have a clear thesis statement that establishes your position. The remainder of your essay will support your thesis statement with reasons and evidence. Module 1 Homework Assignment Instructions upon reading the Essay 1 prompt, you will consider your position on the essay topic. Your task for this Module 1 Homework Assignment is to submit an introductory paragraph with a thesis statement regarding the above essay topic. Remember that a thesis is the claim or main idea or premise of an argument, so you will submit your claim in this Module 1 Homework Assignment. F-or some information about writing thesis statements, please read Tips and Examples for Writing Thesis Statements (Purdue Online Writing Lab). Since you have to submit a thesis statement for this assignment, it will help to include an introductory paragraph. Remember that a thesis statement (your claim/argument) is usually placed toward the end of the introductory paragraph. By including your thesis statement in your introductory paragraph, you allow your reader to understand your argument early in the essay. Once you have an introductory paragraph with a strong Hess statement, the remainder of your essay will flow better. There is a very high concentration of violent and sexually suggestive shows on television. In certain circumstances, however, television can be a powerfully beneficial medium, when used properly. The American society has taken too much of an entertaining stance to television, and children now are too involved in the wrong types of shows. Although television has many positive aspects, the potential negative consequences of some shows outweigh the positive. Part II: Using Appeals Directions: After you have written your introduction and thesis statement, oh should consider what you will use in order to convince your audience. For each – ethos, pathos, and logos – write a paragraph in which you describe how you would use this appeal in your essay. Ethos (Credibility), or ethical appeal, means convincing by the character of the author. We tend to believe people whom We respect. One of the central problems of argumentation is to project an impression to the reader that you are someone worth listening to, in other words making yourself as author into an authority on the subject of the paper, as well as someone who is likable and worthy of respect. With the respected community of the PAP and CAP on childhood psychiatry, one can trust that with the research the medical professionals are conducting, credible information will be portrayed. Common Sense Media is dedicated to the media aspect Of childhood, and its information is verifiable through various outlets. Debate. Org is a community based website where every day people can make their opinions heard. With the diverse group represented here, there are many differing backgrounds weighing in on the presented scenarios. Pathos (Emotional) means persuading by appealing to the reader’s emotions. We can look at texts ranging from classic essays to contemporary advertisements to see how pathos, emotional appeals, are used to persuade. Language choice affects the audience’s emotional response, and emotional appeal can effectively be used to enhance an argument. With childhood obesity at an all-time high in the United States, something needs to be done. After years of watching television, missing countless opportunities for physical exercise, more Americans are becoming overweight, causing a wide variety of health issues. A body at rest tends to stay at rest, while a body in motion tends to stay in motion. This reflects on how metabolism is slowed when someone is crushing the couch cushions in front of the television. Logos (Logical) means persuading by the use of reasoning. This will be the most important technique we will study, and Aristotle favorite. We’ll look at deductive and inductive reasoning, and discuss what makes an effective, persuasive reason to back up your claims. Giving reasons is the heart of argumentation, and cannot be emphasized enough. We’ll study the types of support you can use to substantiate your thesis, and look at some of the common logical fallacies, in order to avoid hem in your writing. Data on obesity is perfectly clear. Americans are gaining weight at an alarming rate. At the risk of condoning television watching, flip through the channels and see how many commercials for both weight loss supplements and exercise programs are for sale. It is a matter of common sense that Americans are becoming lazy and would choose to take a pill to lose weight over physical exercise. There have been many studies showing that childhood obesity is linked to the hours spent watching television. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention states that obesity now effects 7% of all children and adolescents in the united States, which is triple the rate from just one generation ago. How to cite Opinion Essay, Essays

Objectives & Strategies of Coca Cola Company-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Coca Colas Marketing Strategy. Answer: The corporate objective The objectives are important to make the performance of the strategic planning better. The top management of the company sets up plans. It makes some guidelines for the business plans, the plans of projects and also looks into smooth flow of cash plans, maintaining budget and also look into human resource (Oluikpe, 2012). The corporate objective looks forward to define the goals of the organization which gives idea about a proper strategic planning. The corporate objectives look forward to know the intentions of a company and how the organization is going to implement it to meet the basic needs (Oluikpe, 2012). It is rather than provides definition to the real goals of a company which influences its strategic decisions. The goals of the corporate objectives are the targets which are utilized by the business to anticipate their business in order to maintain a strategic idea to achieve the said targets in future or in a stipulated time period (Oluikpe, 2012). Objectives and Strategies aimed by Coca Cola Company The Coca Cola Companys objectives are to identify themselves as a globally known business which carries out the responsibility of the business more ethically and also focus on the acceleration of the growth of operation in the world of tomorrow. By making these objectives the main base, the companys foundation in the decision making process is being formulated (Coca-colacompany.com., 2017). The coca cola wants to make its brand famous internationally by reaching to the nearest convenient stores movie theatres and groceries. The company evaluates their business plans and also accordingly tries to improve their performances. Their mission is to build a portfolio of the beverage drinks and bring satisfaction to the desires of the people (Coca-colacompany.com., 2017). Marketing Orientation concepts The concept of the marketing has transformed over time. The important concepts of marketing are Production Orientation: The aim of the business always through the help of mass production to reduce costs. A business which is production oriented must avoid the process which might affect the design and quality of products (Hollenson, 2015). Product Orientation: A company which is product oriented aimed to make its high quality product and must be a product of superior quality (Hollenson, 2015). If they have a superior product, the buyers would automatically go to like the products. Sales Orientation: A sales focused company is quite simple. The company makes the products and sends into to sell in the target markets. A good marketing strategy looks forward to the development of the products and finally they would come with an effective strategy based on promotion (Hollenson, 2015; Urde et al 2013). Coca Cola Company and Product orientation The coca cola companys mission statement states that the company sells beverages which are non alcoholic in nature and the customers can drink throughout the day. The organization understood that the activities of the organization leave a deep impact on the satisfaction of the customers (Coca-colacompany.com., 2017; Hollenson, 2015).That is why the Company aims to make its product better with time so to make its product of the superior quality and also to make its position in the market place to survive the competition. One Brand marketing strategy of Coca Cola The One brand Strategy of Coca Cola gathers its four varieties Diet Coke, Coca Cola zero, Coca Cola life and Coca cola under the one master banner instead of treating them as separate products. The strength of the One Brand Strategy would do justice to the Coca cola across all Trademark products of Coca cola which would give the customers choice more clearly (Coca-colacompany.com., 2017). The company right now following a strategy, their aim is to launch the brand having values of different nature and a new personality. The strength lies in the fact that initially the launching of sub brands created many distortions. Now the company has one Brand with many variants (Kapferer, 2012; Coca-colacompany.com., 2017). However the weakness lays in the fact that Pepsi posed to be a tough competitor for Coca Cola. The company could have established its brand as a market leader if Pepsi had not been there. The One brand marketing Strategy would help the company to meet its corporate objective by taking themselves from the distortions and supplying the other variants under the one banner to meet the customers satisfaction (Armstrong et al., 2012; Coca-colacompany.com., 2017). References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2015).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Coca-colacompany.com. (2017).Coca-Cola Journey Homepage.The Coca-Cola Company. Retrieved 9 August 2017, from https://www.coca-colacompany.com/ Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Kapferer, J. N. (2012).The new strategic brand management: Advanced insights and strategic thinking. Kogan page publishers. Oluikpe, P. (2012). Developing a corporate knowledge management strategy.Journal of Knowledge Management,16(6), 862-878. Urde, M., Baumgarth, C., Merrilees, B. (2013). Brand orientation and market orientationFrom alternatives to synergy.Journal of Business Research,66(1), 13-20.

The Giver free essay sample

Period LA The Giver In your opinion, is the community in The Giver a utopia or a dystopia? Like many countries such as North Korea or Cuba, the community appears to be a dystopia. The environment of the community may seem impractical, however, there are many places like this in the real world. The community in The Giver is very similar to the country of North Korea. For example, both of the governments in these regions are controlling and predominant. In these societies, the population praises their government because they don’t know any different. This form of government is like a dictatorship. The â€Å"Elders† in the community believe that preventing the public from knowing about the outside world will generate a higher quality society. Another example of their similarity is that there are loudspeakers everywhere in both Jonas’ world and North Korea. They all spout a nearly constant chatter about the affairs of society. We will write a custom essay sample on The Giver or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In North Korea, though, the intent is pure propaganda; it’s nearly all lies. Pure and simple, in North Korea, the loudspeaker is an organ of the state utilized to further the brainwashing of the citizenry. In Jonas’ world, the Speaker (through the loudspeakers) alerts the citizens to matters that will either help them to become â€Å"better† members of society or direct them regarding what they must do to be safe. On the other hand, Cuba and the Community and similar in the way that in both places, many of the citizens rights have been taken away and they are not allowed to leave the land. The people of the community are informed that there is an â€Å"elsewhere†, but they know nothing about this place, except for the fact that this is where somebody would go if they happened to be â€Å"released. † Elsewhere in the Community is similar to other countries, such as the United States, in Cuba; They know this place exists but will be harshly punished for trying to travel to it. As you can see, the Community in â€Å"The Giver† isn’t that far-off from some of the societies in our world. The authority in these civilizations take away the rights that every human being should have, and they are outrageously controlling.

Famous Inventors and Inventions - E

Famous Inventors and Inventions - E Charles Eames - Ray Eames Ranked among the most important of industrial designers. They are best known for their groundbreaking contributions to architecture, furniture design, industrial design, manufacturing, and the photographic arts. George Eastman Invented dry, transparent, and flexible photographic film Presper Eckert Behind the history of the ENIAC computer. Harold E Doc Edgerton Doc Edgerton invented high-speed stroboscopic photography. Thomas Edison All of Thomas Edisons major inventions. Also - The Life of Thomas Edison, Biography of Thomas Edison, An Animated Luncheon Brendan Eich Created JavaScript. Gustave Eiffel Built the Eiffel Tower for the Paris Worlds Fair of 1889, which honored the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. Albert Einstein Einstein developed the special and general theories of relativity and won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. Einsteins theories lead to the invention of nuclear power and the atomic bomb. Gertrude Belle Elion Invented the leukemia fighting drug 6-mercaptopurine, drugs that facilitated kidney transplants and drugs for the treatment of cancer. Thomas Elkins African American inventor - view his three U.S. patents. Philip Emeagwali In 1989, Emeagwali won the Gordon Bell Prize for inventing software for supercomputers. John Emmett Received a patent for Tagamet - inhibits the production of stomach acid. Douglas Engelbart Invented the computer mouse and the first GUI software before Microsoft or Apple. John Ericsson The history of the propelling steam vessels. Oliver Evans Pioneered the high-pressure steam engine. Ole Evinrude Invented the outboard motor. Try Searching by Invention If you cannot find what you want, try searching by invention. Continue Alphabetically: F Starting Last Names

Population growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Population growth - Essay Example Geometric growth can be contrasted to arithmetic growth rate, which grows in a sequence, for instance 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, .... One of the principles behind geometric growth is that the bigger a number gets, the faster it grows, this is the case with population since the larger the population becomes, more people will be available for reproduction hence the greater growth (Berlatsky, 133). For instance, a population having 500,000 people will grow five times faster than a population which has just 100, 000. From this equation, if r is greater than zero and b is greater than one, then the population will grow at exponentially, however, if r is less than zero and b is greater than one or if r is greater than one and b is between one and zero, then the population will reduce exponentially. A geometric decay curve for population would look something like this Geometric continuous time model of population growth is more realistic when it comes to determining population growth since they involve all parameters of population such as birth rates and death rate (Turchin, p96) In order to calculate the population growth rate using the continuous growth model, the following formula can be derived. If a population has Nt individuals where t is time in years, the number of children being born in a year is a fraction represented by the symbol ï  ¢ and the number of people that die in a year is a fraction that is represented by the symbol ï  §. These geometric progression equations have been used for a long time to calculate population growth rates of countries or of the world at large, for instance, the following figure show a curve of world growth rate that was calculated from the available data and backward projections of population. Geometric progression has been use in population growth and without it, calculating

Psychiatric Nursing Reflective Journals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Psychiatric Nursing Reflective Journals - Essay Example She appeared inattentive to my instructions and needed three repetitions of what I had said for her to understand me. When she had obeyed my instructions, I admired volubly her pretty appearance and hugged her. To my queries, she had just stared at me as if she was scared but today she called me up. Seizing the opportunity, I moved up. Nervously pulling me to her side and looking around to ensure that nobody was within hearing distance, she whispered in my ear. Her neighbor was plotting to kill her and her husband, it seemed. She had heard noises from her backyard which sounded like gunshots when she had been in the kitchen at home. Her movements appeared jerky and speech was not incoherent but appeared monotonous. Realizing that her suspicious and guarded nature was characteristic of her condition, paranoid schizophrenia, I pretended to be a good listener to gain her confidence. She claimed that the neighbor of around her age was attracted to her and was eyeing her sexually. Several times he had approached her for sexual favors. She had told her husband about this but he did not believe her. At times the neighbor had thrown stones at her house when she was alone and had rung the doorbell several times. Each time she went to the door, there would be no one. Saying all of this at one go, she quickly pushed me aside when she noticed the nursing supervisor arriving. When the supervisor had left, Mrs. Jones again strode up to me and caught my attention. She told me that her husband was a good man but he did not believe her stories and told me to keep what she told a secret. Half an hour later, Mrs. Jones did not appear to want to talk with me. When I smiled at her, she seemed to have no recognition. I was a little taken back by the stony look on her face. Her husband had told me that she was a receptionist in a hotel and very much appreciated by the others and customers. Believing that she was then well, she had stopped her treatment. He had not noticed the medicin es not being taken. This had triggered this episode. She had also not kept her appointments with the psychotherapist. Anyone would have believed this lady the way she told the stories. They would have been credible had they come from a normal person. The fact that she was admitted for paranoid schizophrenia reminded me that the stories could be delusions. Though I had studied about schizophrenia and its various forms and symptoms, this was the first time that I was in close contact with a person with schizophrenia. Having no physical deficiencies, Mrs. Jones could easily pass on the road without anyone realizing the depth of mental illness that she had, the extent of trouble that she could create and the magnitude of suffering that she went through. What she needed was sympathetic people around her and proper pharmacological and psychological treatment. A person who did not know her to be a patient could even irritate her unknowingly. This was the situation for most psychiatric diso rders. When we were taught psychiatry, we never realized that most psychiatric patients became ill only occasionally and that most of their lives; they were presumably fine and able to work like Mrs. Jones. Treatment allowed them to be a part of normal society. However the treatment schedules should never be missed. I also noted that psychiatric patients should never be allowed to consume drugs without supervision. A family member had to take responsibility. This was another of my new learning. It would serve

Effect of Alcohol Caffeine Concentration on Daphnia Magna

Effect of Alcohol Caffeine Concentration on Daphnia Magna The Effect of Alcohol and Caffeine Concentrations on Daphnia Magna Abstract The target of this experiment was to study the effects of alcohol and caffeine on the heart, using the Daphnia Magna as the test subject. The hypothesis was: Increasing the concentration of caffeine in which the Daphnia Magna is submerged will cause its heart rate to increase, while increasing the concentration of alcohol in which it is submerged will cause its heart rate to decrease. To test this hypothesis two Daphnia Magna were exposed to either alcohol or caffeine and its heart rate recorded by placing it on a microscope slide and counting the number of heart beats. It was deducted that the alcohol and caffeine had a very notable effect on the heart, with alcohol slowing it down and caffeine speeding it up. At the highest concentration of alcohol, the heart rate slowed and in turn the higher concentration of caffeine affected the heart rate by increasing it. I feel that the same concept of the effect of alcohol and caffeine on Daphnia Magna would be the same concept for its effec t on humans also sense alcohol is a depressant it tends to slow down the body as Caffeine is well known for giving our bodies a boost of energy. Introduction It was obvious to test the effects that alcohol and caffeine have on the human heart. The effects of alcohol and caffeine were a distinct interest sense they are drugs that are consumed on a large scale in society. However, because it is difficult to perform experiments of this nature on humans and get accurate results, we decided to use Daphnia Magna as a substitute for a human. Though humans and Daphnia Magna are different organisms, alcohol and caffeine should have an almost identical effect on them. The effect when both organisms are exposed to the same amounts of alcohol and caffeine should be more noticeable in Daphnia Magna because they are much smaller, so in turn the chemicals will flow through the Daphnia Magna’s form quicker and effect each cell more. There are many explanations why Daphnia Magna are commonly used compared to the use of a human as test subject. Firstly, Daphnia Magna are simple organisms compared to humans thus there are less factors that we have no control over what could likely affect the heart rate. Secondly, the heart of the Daphnia Magna is easy to view and examine because of their transparent body form. Thirdly, it is logical to use a Daphnia Magna because the effects of the drug will be observed much more quickly, within moments compared to around half an hour in humans. Also, to get usable results, it would be necessary to supply a human subject with a reasonable large amounts of alcohol or caffeine, which wouldn’t be good for short term health, as well as unscrupulous. The hypothesis under investigation was developed because depressants, like alcohol tend to decrease the activity of the body’s organs, whilst stimulants like caffeine tend to increase such activity. Methods and Materials Two Daphnia Magna specimen were collected from the habitat container and then placed each in their own hanging drop slide carefully so they would not slide all over like they would a traditional flat slide. This way one slide would have one Daphnia Magna testing the varying concentrations of alcohol and the other Caffeine. In caffeine we readied concentrations of 0.25%, 0.05%, 0.75% and 1.0% levels of concentration. One member held a bottle of distilled water to be used in between concentrations. The water allows the Daphnia Magna to rest a moment that way it doesn’t die to quickly from the various concentrations. One member will begin the experiment by tallying its heart beats per seconds to allow for an average heart rate. The group then subtracted the water from the slide and replaced it with the fist concentration of caffeine counting the heart beat 15 seconds again then quickly taking away the caffeine and replacing it back with distilled water. We repeat this process and collect the data until all concentrations have be used and the data compiled. Alcohol there were 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% of concentrations. Using a Microscope as well as a fresh bottle of water to adjust the Daphnia Magna to the stress of the many concentrations makes the experiment a little easier. As we did with the caffeine the group used a fresh Daphnia Magna collected the average heartbeat and began the process of subjecting the Daphnia Magna to the Alcohol concentrations collecting the heart beat data and observing how it changes with each concentration. Results Results demonstrates the profound effect the alcohol and caffeine both have on the heart. As shown in figure 1 and 3 the higher the concentration of caffeine the faster the heart becomes. In figures 2 and 4 Alcohol seems to have the opposite affect and slows the heart rate down increasingly with each concentration. Within our results it can be determined that when humans consume alcohol that they will experience a slowness and often a more depressed feeling. On the flip side when humans are exposed to caffeine it can be seen that there is a burst of energy â€Å"Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant. Your central nervous system includes your brain, spinal cord, and the other nerves in your body. Caffeine’s main effect on your body is to make you feel more awake and alert for a while† (FDA, 2007) Table 1: group data for Caffeine concentrations Caffeine Concentrations and how they affect the heart rate Concentration Heart Rate 15 sec Heart Rate (BPM) 0% 53 216 0.25% 42 168 0.50% 39 156 0.75% 28 112 1.0% 31 124 Figure 1: the graph that shows the group average heart rates when exposed to the different concentrations of caffeine provided that the Daphnia Magna heart rate was counted for 15 seconds then calculated to BPM Table 2: Group data for alcohol concentrations Alcohol concentrations and how they affect the heart rate Concentration Heart Rate 15 sec Heart Rate (BPM) 0% 31 133.33 2% 27 108 4% 24 96 6% 12 68 8% 19 76 10% 14 56 Figure 2: the graph that shows the group average heart rates when exposed to the different concentrations of alcohol provided that the Daphnia Magna heart rate was counted for 15 seconds then calculated to BPM. Table 3: Class data for caffeine concentrations Water Control AVG 0.25% Caf 0.5% Caf 0.75% Caf 1.0% Caf KR 216 168 156 112 124 g1 45.3 56 84 96 88 G2 248 448 452 480 508 Jeep 132 208 164 220 188 G5 133.3 120 112 124 136 Average 154.92 200 193.6 206.4 208.8 Figure 3: the graph that shows the class average heart rates when exposed to the different concentrations of caffeine.   Ã‚   Table 4: Class data for Alcohol concentrations Initials Water Control AVG 2% Alc 4% Alc 6% Alc 8% Alc 10% Alc KR 133.33 108 96 68 76 56 g1 54 248 285 236 188 172 G2 205.3 312 240 180 64 48 Jeep 181 148 152 124 124 108 G5 205.3 240 196 232 212 100 Average 155.8 211.2 193.8 168 132.8 96.8 Figure 4: the graph that shows the class average heart rates when exposed to the different concentrations of alcohol. Discussion â€Å"Alcohol affects every organ in the drinkers body and can damage a developing fetus. Intoxication can impair brain function and motor skills; heavy use can increase risk of certain cancers, stroke, and liver disease.† (Abuse, 2014)

An Analysis of Intercultural Negotiations between the East and West Essay

Executive Summary: This report provides an analysis and evaluation of an intercultural negotiation between USA’s Brown Casual Shoes and China’s Chung Sun Manufacturing, provides a literature review of a prominent theory from the field and suggests recommendation to improve the process of intercultural communication between these two countries and companies. As the Case Study was identified as subpar negotiation, all issues from the Case Study were allocated into Intercultural, Verbal and Nonverbal. Following this, Hofstede’s Cultural Model was introduced in the literature review and critically analysed. This model included five dimensions: 1. Uncertainty Avoidance 2. Power Distance 3. Masculinity vs. Femininity 4. Individualism vs. Collectivism 5. Short Term vs. Long Term Some strengths of the model included a large sample size, indexes for all nations and easily formulated hypotheses. Alternatively, some limitations were an alleged sample misrepresentation, not adequately analysing people on an individual level and a time lapse since dimension formulation. Major issues from the negotiations were then further investigated and included: Rushing the negotiations and failing to form an adequate relationship Causing offence by giving a gift to the Chinese representative Not respecting the hierarchy of the Chinse culture Failing to hire an interpreter for the negotiations Touching the Chinese associates inappropriately Recommendations suggested preventing further intercultural issues and fixing current issues as noted above included: Hiring an interpreter and cultural adviser Translating all written materials into Chinese Creating transparency within the negotiations process by asking for a joint strategy 1 Introduction Intercultural communication is becoming increasingly important within a global context for businesses. In one study within China – the country being analyzed, all respondents to a survey agreed that it is critical to the success of the organization (73.9 strongly & 26.1 moderately) (Goodman & Wang, 2007). In the following report, the success of an intercultural negotiation between China and USA will be assessed to ascertain all issues occurring across intercultural, verbal and nonverbal and how they can be fixed. This will be done by providing recommendations based on current literature in the field. Additionally, The issues of the case will be identified and analysed and a literature view will be undertaken of a relevant prominent theory in the field. 2 Identification of Problems/Issues Within the negotiations between Brown Casual Shoes and Chung Sun Manufacturing, there were several intercultural communication issues that offended the Chinese through what appeared to be a blatant disregard for their cultural barriers. These issues have been partitioned into three sections general, verbal and nonverbal. 1 Intercultural Issues The first error in their intercultural interaction was the letter given by Mr  Brown to Mr Deng. In addition to gift giving in the Chinese business culture being unacceptable due to it being seen as bribery (UONI, 2011), it is especially offensive for a gift to be wrapped in white paper – as red is the norm (Kwintessential, 2013). The fact that Mr. Deng refused the gift three times before opening it aligns with the fact that Chinese may refuse a gift three times before opening it – but not a fourth (Kwintessential, 2013). Another contributing factor is the point that Chinese don’t like to say no, and will often say yes just to save face (World Business Culture, 2013). The following mistake made by Mr. Brown was offering the first toast of the evening. In Chinese cultulre, it should always be the host who makes the first toast of the evening (Kwintessential, 2013). Additionally, Mr Brown’s lack of knowledge on who should leave the meeting first may have caused offence. As per Chinese culture, the foreigner should always leave first when a meeting is finished (UONI, 2011). Mr Browns misunderstanding of this could have caused discomfort for the Chinese. Mr Brown’s perception that the initial meetings with the Chinese would have resulted in a negotiation early was a fundamental misunderstanding – as he failed to realise that the Chinese often forge relationships with individuals before partaking in business (Goodman, 2013). 2 Intercultural Verbal Communication Issue Although Mr Brown and his team participated in lots of small talk with Mr Deng, further small talk could be encouraged to avoid causing offence and giving the impression that the negotiators only care about time – and not forging a lasting relationship (UONI, 2011). An additional verbal error made by Mr. Brown was his failure to hire a interpreter. In China, this is often viewed as a sign of disrespect for their culture (Fang & Faure, 2010). This lack of an interpreter and an overall lack of comprehension of English could have been the reason for the large amount of questions rather than the impression formulated by Mr. Brown that they were not serious about the business (World Business Culture, 2013). Furthermore, the fact that Mr Brown and his team didn’t make the effort to learn any Chinese at all for the negotiation might give off the impression that they are ethnocentric about their culture (Goodman, 2013). 3 Intercultural Nonverbal Verbal Communication Issues Although there were not many nonverbal communication errors, one fundamental nonverbal communication error made by Mr. Brown was his touching of the arm of Mr. Deng. Culturally, Chinese dislike being touched by strangers (Gao et al, 1996). As they were only just meeting and not yet properly acquainted, this may have been perceived as offensive. 3 Literature Review Hofstede’s model has been used as it was utilized a starting point for many additional cultural models. Below, figure one shows the convergence of this model with other notable ones from the field of cultural communication studies. It can be deduced from this that Hofstede’s model is the most diverse and complete framework as it encompasses all factors of other relevant models and shows evidence for the theoretical relevance. Figure 2: Comparison of Hofstede’s cultural framework with other models Source: Soares, Farhangmehr & Shoham, 2007, p. 281 One assumption of this model is defining identity through nation. Many scholars (Steenkamn et al, 1999l Hofstede, 1984; Parker, 1994; Hoover et al., 1978) support this approach. 1 Literature Review Hofstede’s cultural dimension is a model crafted to identify the key differences across different cultural workplace values. Gert Hofstede formulated this model through complex statistical analysis on more than 100,000 IBM employees across the world. The results of this suggested that five dimension anchors could be used to describe most important differences among cultures worldwide. These anchors provide points of comparison for each culture and allow different nations cultures to be contrasted and their disposition measured based on key traits (Lewicki, Saunders & Barry, 2011). These anchor points are: Individualism/Collectivism, Power Distance, Masculinity/Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance and Short Term/Long Term. Figure 1 below shows how this is commonly measured. Figure 1: Source: Hofstede, 2001 The first dimension of the model is Power Distance. Power distance reflects the attitude a society holds on power inequality and authority relations in society. This anchor can influence hierarchy, dependence relationships and organizational context (Soares et al, 2007). A low score is indicative of a society with little respect for unequally distributed power and decisions are often spread through the organisation with feedback to bosses appropriate. Alternatively, a high score shows that the society depends highly on hierarchical structures and may concentrate decision making at the top (Hofstede, 1980). Uncertainty avoidance is the second dimension of this framework. This dictates the extent to which people feel threatened by uncertainty and ambiguity and due to this avoid situations that may cause these feelings to occur (Hofstede, 1991). People with high uncertainty avoidance often have well defined rules for prescribed behaviours (Soares et al, 2007) and if these are not in pla ce for new situations, they will strive to immediately move towards establishing them. Alternatively, those with low scores on this anchor will be less affected by situations that may be ambiguous (Lewicki, Saunders & Barry, 2011). The next dimension – individualism vs. collectivism, describes the relationships people have in each culture (Soares et al, 2007). In individualistic societies, people tend to act independently and look after only themselves and their direct families. In collectivist societies, members of the society hold a large degree of interdependence (Hofstede, 1980) and take care of their group in exchange for loyalty. Masculinity vs. Feminity is the scale anchor that differentiates societies where achievement and success is paramount (high – masculine) and those where caring for others and quality of life is more important (low – feminine) (Hofstede, 1994). Feminine societies are ones where quality of life is often more desirable than standing out from the crowd (Hofstede, 2014). Lastly, Long-term vs. Short Term is the dimension, which shows countries preference towards future rewards and perseverance or towards  short-term gain and fulfilling past or present traditions (Hofstede and Bond, 1988). 2 Strengths Some strengths of Hofstede’s model is the thoroughness and time points of his research – which includes 116,000 empirical questionnaires from over 60,000 respondents across seventy countries in various decades (Hofstede, 1984; Hofstede, 1991; Hofstede, 2001). This is the most robust model in terms of sample size and variety (Smith et al., 1996). He links his dimensions with various external and internal factors, such as demographic, geographic, economic and political, and assigns indexes to every nation – a feature unmatched by other frameworks (Kale & Barnes, 1992). In addition, the framework is highly useful in formulating easy hypothesises across a range of purposes and it continues to be the norm used in international marketing, psychology, management and sociology studies (Engel, Blackwell & Miniard, 1995; Sondergaard, 1994). 3 Weaknesses Although some critique Hofstede’s research due to its alleged sample bias and its lack of inclusivity of the richness of cultures due to its sample size being based only on those working at IBM (Lewicki, Saunders & Barry, 2011), they fail to take into account further revisions of the model by Hofstede. At the International Institute for Management Development Hofstede administered the test to international managers from over 30 countries from a variety of both private and public organisations. The results yielded in these proved significantly similar to those in his original sample – solidifying his original hypothesis (Geert, 2008). Another prominent critique is the fact that in both of these cases, there was a disproportionate level of males, members of the middle class were over represented and education levels were much higher than average (Lewicki, Saunders & Barry, 2011), Additionally, some argue that in the model nation differences only account for 2 to 4 percent of variance in individual values, leaving at least 96 percent- if not more, unexplained. One scholar from the Academy of Management suggested that the model was incongruent with his own knowledge on psychological phenomena and suggests that an  alternative methodology be drafted (Ailon, 2008) to account for this 96 percent. Some academics claim that Hofstede’s culture dimensions are flawed due to their categorizations of people into national stereotypes rather than individual character. This is especially applicable for people living in ethnically diverse countries. (Venaik & Brewer, 2013). Lenartowicz and Roth (1999), however, contend that no single methodology across any model is able to address the inclusive set of criteria relevant to cultural assessment in business studies. Lastly, it could be suggested that due to the time that the initial dimensions were formulated was so long ago they may be out-dated and no longer relevant. Others argue that the change in cultures occurs so slow that significant changes would not likely affect the model for a long perio d (Sivakumar and Nakata, 2001) – perhaps until 2100 (Hofstede, 2001). 4 Case Analysis Five issues have been chosen out of the initial ones identified and have been linked up with their relevant theories. 1 Issue 1 The first issue is Mr Brown’s rush to finalise the negotiation and his final comment suggesting impatience with the negotiations. As China’s culture is predominantly long-term orientated (87 vs USA’s 26) the Chinese representatives may take longer to finalise the negotiations due to having a disposition towards long term relationships (Zhang & Toomey, 2009). In addition to this, Chinese negotiators often need to form a relationship due to their low temperament to individualism – 20 vs USA’s 91 (Hofstede, 2014). This haste showed great disrespect for the Chinese’s efforts to form a long-term relationship with the company, an aspect commonly necessary for business arrangements to succeed in China (Fang & Faure, 2010). 2 Issue 2 As China is a highly particular culture on Trompenaars seven dimensions of culture model (Luthans & Doh, 2009), meaning that deciding on what is right and wrong or acceptable and unacceptable is highly dependant on the exact situation and relationships involved (Trompenaars, 1997) it was a grave issue not to hire a translator to help overcome this barrier. Hofstede provides support for this theory by ranking China very low on the uncertainty avoidance scale (30), meaning that their rules may be very flexible and unique culturally (Hofstede, 2014). 3 Issue 3 As China is a high context society (Hall, 1985), the failed gift-giving incident could correspond with a clash of this high context. Hall notes that within a high context culture messages are often covert and implicit, there is much non-verbal communication and the expression of reaction is frequently reserved and inward. The message that Mr. Deng did not want to accept the gift was most certainly covert and non-verbal and his reaction to the incident stayed reserved and inward – most likely to save face (Goodman, 2013). 4 Issue 4 Hall’s theory additionally links to an important issue within the negotiation process. As Mr. Brown continually touched Mr. Deng’s arm during negotiations, this may have been perceived as breach of Space (Hall, 1985). The proxemics of the Chinese culture dictates that touching is rarely acceptable (Communication Studies, 2014). 5 Issue 5 Another issue arising from the negotiations is both Mr. Brown toasting first at the dinner and him not leaving the dinner first. What he failed to consider when doing this was China’s high power distance (80 vs USA’s 40) (Hofstede, 2014). This suggests that China strongly values hierarchical institutions. Toasting first and disrespecting the Chinese cultural norm of the guests leaving dinner first could be perceive as disrespectful to the order of the Chinese leadership and their subsequent authority. 5 Recommendations Three recommendations have been suggested to improve Brown’s Casual Shoe’s negotiation with China in analysis of the Case Study 1 Recommendation 1 The first and most important recommendation for Mr. Brown would be to hire a corporate communicator or interpreter. Although it would not be wise to hire a complete agent – as it may detract from the personal relationship needing to be crafted between both parties for successful business undertakings, USA negotiators should hire an interpreter at the least or a cultural adviser at best to cut through the high context culture of the Chinese, show the  Chinese that they care about their culture and to offer priceless advice on the negotiation process to ensure an optimal outcome for both parties (Lewicki, Saunders & Barry, 2011). 2 Recommendation 2 The USA negotiators should in future hire a translator to succinctly translate all of their written material including business cards, marketing presentations, business proposals, company history, product information and anything else relevant to the trip to Chinese using simplified characters (Fang & Faure, 2010, p. 138). This takes away room for misinterpretation on any element of business and eliminates any concept of ethnocentricity that could have been perceived as well as showing respect for their culture and language (Kwintessential, 2013). 3 Recommendation 3 The final recommendation is to identify whether either parties or both parties will adjust their style of negotiation to the other parties cultural style. Confusion can sometimes arise when both parties are trying to adjust to the others negotiation style (Lewicki, Saunders & Barry, 2011, p. 245). A simple affirmation of whether this will be done can save much confusion and create an air of transparency. In many cases a secure middle ground (sometimes called joint strategy) can be agreed upon. This could be asked through an email or letter prior to negotiation commencement, or if this is not appropriate, they could ask to speak privately with the highest authority of the Chinese party to respect their hierarchical institutions. To do this, you could simply stay around after a meeting and ask personally to speak with the leader to help him save face (Goodman, 2013, p. 177). 6 References Ailon, G. (2008). Mirror, mirror on the wall: culture’s consequences in a value test of it’s own design. The Academy of Management Review, 33(4), 885-904. Communication Studies (2014). Proxemics. Retrieved from http://www.communicationstudies.com/communication-theories/proxemics Dawar, N., & Parker, P. (1994). Marketing universals: consumers’ use of brand, name, price, physical appearance and retailer reputation as signals of product quality. J Mark, 58(April), 81-95. Engel, J., Blackwell, R., & Miniard, P. (1995). Consumer Behaviour. n.p.: The Dryden Press. Fang, T., & Faure, G. O. (2011). Chinese communication characteristics: A Yin Yang perspective. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(3), 320-333. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.06.005. Gao, G., Toomey, T. S., Gudykunst, W. B., & Bond, M. H. (1996). The Handbook of Chinese Psychology – Chinese communication processes. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Goodman, M. B. (2013). Intercultural Communication for Managers. New York, NY: Business expert press. Goodman, M. B., & Wang, J. (2007). Tradition and innovation: the china business communication study. The Journal of Business Strategy, 28(3), 34-41. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02756660710746256 Hall, E. T. (1985). Hidden Differences: Studies in International Communication. Hamburg, GE: Grunder and Jahr. Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture’s consequences: international differences in work-related values. Newbury Park, CA: Sage P ublications. Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations – software of the mind. New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill. Hofstede, G. (2001). Cultures Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviours, Institutions & Organizations Across Nations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Hofstede, G. (2014). China. Retrieved from http://geert-hofstede.com/china.html Hofstede, G. (2014). Geert. Retrieved from http://www.geerthofstede.com/geert.aspx Hofstede, G. (2014). United States. Retrieved from http://geert-hofstede.com/united-states.html Hoover, R., Green, R., & Saegert, J. (1978). A cross-national study of perceived risk. J Mark, (July), 102-108. Kale, S., & Barnes, J. (1992). Understanding the domain of cross-national buyer-seller instructions. Journal of International Business Studies, 23(1), 101-109. Kwintessential. (2013). China – language, culture, customs and etiquette. Retrieved from http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/china-country-profile.html. Lewicki, R. J., Saun ders, D. M., & Barry, B. (2011). Essentials of negotiation (5th ed). New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill. Luthans, F., & Doh, J. (2009). International Management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Rubin, J. Z., & Sander, F. E. A. (1991). Culture, Negotiation and the Eye of the Beholder. Negotiation Journal, 7(1), 249-254. Doi; 10.1111/j.1571-9979.1991.tb00620.x Sivakumar, K., & Nakata, C. (2001). The stampede toward Hofstede’s framework: avoiding the sample design pit in cross-cultural research. The Journal of International Business Studies, 32(3), 555-574. Smith, P., Dugan, S., & Trompenaars, F. (1996). National culture and the values of organizational employees – a dimensional analysis across 43 nations. The Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 27(2), 231-264. Soares, A. M., Farhangmehr, M., & Shoham, A. (2007). Hofstede’s dimensions of culture in international marketing studies. Journal of Business Research, 60(3), 227-284. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.10.018. Sondergaard, M. (1994). Research note: Hofstede’s consequences: a study of reviews, citations and replications. Journal of Organisational Studies, 15(3), 447-456. Steenkamp, J. (2001). The role of national culture in international marketing research. International Market Review, 18(1), 30-44. Trompenaars, F., & Hampden Turner, C. (1997). Riding the waves of culture: Understanding Diversity in Global Business. New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill. University of Northern Iowa. (2011). Business Communication with China. Retrieved from http://business.uni.edu/buscomm/inte rnationalbuscomm/world/asia/china/china.html Venaik, S., & Brewer, P. (2013). Critical issues in the Hofstede and GLOBE national culture models. International Marketing Review, 30(5), 469-482. World Business Culture. (2013). Chinese business communication style. Retrieved from http://www.worldbusinessculture.com/Chinese-Business-Communication-Style.html Zhang, H., & Toomey, S. T. (1998). Communicating Effectively with the Chinese. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publishing.

Motherhood in Sula

Toni Morrison’s Sula revolves around the relationship of her two main characters, Sula and Nel. The childhood friends grow apart with age. Although it is indicated that their friendship is the most important relationship they participate in, they eventually betray each other and lead dishonest lives. Throughout the novel, we see their constantly deteriorating relationship as a result of absence of a family life. Sula is a novel about the influence family may have on the make up of someone’s personality.In particular, the novel examines the effect parents can have on their children and the conscious effort the main characters make to be unlike their mothers. Nel’s maternal grandmother was a prostitute in New Orleans and so her daughter Helene (Nel’s mother) does everything in her power to lead a life that opposes the path her mother took. She holds everyone to the highest standard, sees everyone as the best they can be, and expects everyone else to see her the same way. Those who fall short of these expectations are subject to judgment, in her mind.Helene plays a significant role in the early parts of the novel—she is an important figure in Medallion, described as â€Å"an impressive woman,† who â€Å"won all social battles with presence. † (18) In this first description of Helene, Morrison quickly falls into an epic catalogue, repeating the first words of each short part of a long sentence again and again (â€Å"Helene who†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). This repetition allows the reader to understand the influence Helene has on the town; we see why she is respected. Unlike her mother in everyway, she is well known for the good she has done.She has an esteemed presence. Morrison emphasizes the details of her success to highlight how different she has made her life from her mother’s. There is an episode in the early parts of the novel, however, that keeps everything we learn about Helene in perspective. She is a well-resp ected woman within the Bottom, but on the train trip she takes with Nel, we see that her religious and respectful nature does not protect her from racism. When treated with disrespect by a racist train conductor, Helene smiles â€Å"like a street pup. (21) Her attempt to appease the train conductor confirms his superiority and spurs a sense of anger in the black soldiers that observe the event. This occurrence on the train establishes a sense of place for Morrison’s readers. We see Helene in a new light. She is respected and loved in her town, but to those who do not know her, she is simply a black middle class woman—one of a demographic that in 1920 (and to this day) receives the least respect. After Morrison provides a full understanding of Helene, we meet the woman who has inadvertently shaped her life and clearly, Nel’s mother wants nothing more than to return to the Bottom.Helene plays a minor role in the novel as a whole (she quickly disappears after the beginning). In understanding her character, though, a more complete understanding of Nel can be accomplished. Just like her mother, Nel wishes to be nothing like her mother. Many times during her childhood, we see her attempts to differentiate herself from her mother. Perhaps it is a simple case of the grass is always greener, but Nel’s perception of Sula’s home is indicative of her attempts to become different. Nel loves the unkempt nature of the house.She loves the noise and the people and even the lack of attention that Eva gives to Sula. Although she will grow to live a life that is full of order, as a child, she looks for opportunities to remove herself from that world. Sula is a quintessential example of this escape. She realizes this desire to be different upon her return from the trip. She doesn’t want to be anyone’s child; she develops a sense of â€Å"me-ness,† and likens her mother’s true personality to â€Å"custard pudding,â₠¬  feeble and afraid to challenge societal structure. 29; 28) Most important of all the changes the train trip provides, though, is Nel’s newfound â€Å"strength to cultivate a friend in spite of her mother. † (29) This strength opens the door for Sula to change her life. Nel and Sula’s relationship is a complex one, which allows for the novel to become incredibly in depth and driven by interesting characters. Sula’s relationships with her mother and grandmother are opposite of Nel’s relationship with her mother. This is, perhaps, why their personalities differ so much once they reach adulthood. Both become their mothers.Her mother and grandmother, who obviously favor her brother, essentially ignore Sula. Hannah, her mother, is a very sexual woman who enjoys the company of many men in town to the disapproval of Sula. Because of her mother’s actions, Sula views her with an indifferent and callous sense of hostility. Still, Sula reacts in a n egative way when hears her mother say, â€Å"‘I just don’t like her’† in reference to her daughter. (57) The difference between loving someone and liking someone is made clear here. It develops the idea of a mother’s ambivalent love.When a child is aggravating, it can be frustrating to love them. But for Hannah, she simply does not like the person Sula is becoming. This realization, for Sula, removes her from her childhood. She sees the idea of love in a new light—it can be an overwhelming feeling that commands responsibility and irritation. With this comment, we see Sula as an adult for the first time, exposed to the negative side of human emotion for the first time. Sula’s relationship with her mother comes to a harrowing climax when Hannah is set on flames and Sula stands and watches.She is not shocked, we later learn, but intrigued. This says much about Sula as a person, but it also is interesting concerning her dynamic with her mo ther. She acts as her mother would have in this situation; she is cold and disconnected, and cares little about the person in need. Sula’s reaction to the fire is strikingly similar to the way her mother brought her up. Perhaps all of the disregard Hannah showed towards Sula came back in her death. Sula, with no feeling of love or like for her mother, simply watched her die.Hannah’s words about Sula before she died, that she did not like her, freed Sula, in a way. Because Hannah did not like Sula, Sula felt no need to love Hannah. The connection was lost. Interestingly, at her mother’s death, we see Sula become comparable to her mother for the first time. Sula eventually becomes more and more like her mother, with no emotional connections to anyone. Almost with no regard for the person she cares for most in the world, she sleeps with Nel’s husband. She doesn’t know the real name of the person she participates in her only romantic relationship with. Disconnected and completely unemotional, Sula as the adult she becomes is first seen at her mother’s death. Nel and Sula, much like many people in the world, are defined by their mothers. Any attempt they made throughout the novel to push themselves further from what their mothers were proved futile. Helene’s over-bearing motherhood and incredible need for order resulted in Nel acting out slightly in adolescence but eventually becoming as stable and constant and respectable as her mother.Hannah’s lack of attention towards Sula and constant promiscuity led to Sula acting in the same way, with no love toward the people who cared most about her. Their mothers differ on an incredible number of features and perhaps this is one reason why Nel and Sula’s relationship goes from sister-like to betrayal and hatred. Morrison makes it clear in this novel that we are what our mothers make us, whether we make a conscious effort to do so, like Nel, or if we are so affec ted by the ways in which they act that we simply have no choice but to fall into their past routines, like Sula.

Disability Awareness - 840 Words

Disability Awareness (L22347) My name is Janet Long and I am going to write a case study on Disability Awareness. I have based this case study on one of my clients, Mary, who has a form of disability known as Lewy Body Dementia. In this case study. I will be focusing on the independence value of the social model of care. I will be examining the * The Social Model of Care * Supports that can be put in place * Strategies used by the client to maintain their independence * Recommendations Mary’s dementia has restricted her quality of life and her independence and I will be looking at how we can optimise her independence and hence her quality of life. I have spoken to Mary family and ask them who was involved in Mary†¦show more content†¦This monitoring and support needs to be made up of experienced and trained personnel who will be able to support Mary in her own environment while still allowing Mary to have a degree of independence. I also feel that it is necessary to educate the general public in the issues surrounding mental disabilities and how to help them integrate into society. If people were able to have a better understanding of mental disabilities they would become more tolerant and less fearful. It is the ignorance that creates the fear and if we can remove the ignorance then the fear should be removed. It is important to concentrate on the abilities and not the disability to allow Mary to have a normal life as much as possible. We should not lose sight of Mary’s abilities and rights to use these abilities. Acknowledgements I have obtain my information from my Comfort keepers course materials and MarysShow MoreRelatedAn Awareness Of A Person With A Physical Disability1750 Words   |  7 PagesThe wheelchair assignment was meant for students to develop an awareness of the life of a person with a physical disability. 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